Conhecimento e atitude dos pais sobre a educação sexual de seus filhos.

Abstract

Sexuality has elements related to sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction, being influenced by biological, psychological, social, economic, political, cultural, legal, historical, religious and spiritual factors. The development of sex education should be considered as a right of children and adolescents, in order to know their body and provide the emergence of a positive view of their sexuality. The importance of sexual education towards children is mainly preventive for cases of physical and psychological trauma. The present study aimed to investigate parents' knowledge and attitude about their children's sexuality education. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. It was performed with parents assisted in the Family Health Strategies Mutirão I and II. The objective data were tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 software, the subjective data were transcribed and then organized and analyzed using the IRAMUTEQ software and categorization using the method proposed by Laurence Bardin. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under Opinion No. 3.585.009 and complied with Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council. The prevalence of mothers between 18 and 37 years old, brown, single, housewives was found. . Four categories were formed, namely: Category 1 - Parental understanding of the concepts of sexuality and sexual education; Category 2 - Actions developed by parents in the development of their children's sexuality; Category 3 - Difficulties pointed out by parents in conducting sex education and the relationship with the school environment; Category 4- ESF support to parents for the development of sex education and its possible consequences. It is noteworthy that sexuality is something essential in the lives of children and adolescents, which should be seen and understood as a natural human being, which can admit various forms of expression. Sex education does not only refer to genitals or isolated sexual intercourse, but encompasses a number of crucial points involving psychological and physical processes, as well as feelings, sensations, affectivity and the need for acceptance. The lack of knowledge and the difficulty of approaching family sexuality, together with the lack of support from primary care professionals, triggers a series of consequences.