Extração do óleo essencial da espécie corymbia citriodora e sua caracterização por cromatografia gasosa acoplada ao espectrômetro de massa.

Abstract

Essential oils are organic complexes known as ethereal oils or just essences. They obtained from parts of the plant species leaves, flowers and fruits, by distillation with steam drag and other types of extraction. They consist of several volatile components, present oily appearance, are endowed with strong aroma, almost always pleasant. Its applicability in industrial areas reaches various sectors such as perfumes and essences industries (aromatherapy), pharmaceutical and food. This work was carried out the essential oil extraction of Corymbia citriodora leaves, plant this that is present in the daily lives of the people of the region in the form of home remedies, teas, poultices, infusions, as well as in the diet. In this study we studied the essential oils extracted from the Corymbia citriodora species leaf, obtained by hydrodistillation method, which was used an apparatus of the type modified Clevenger. 11 experiments were performed with dates and different times in order to evaluate the performance and differences in chemical composition. It was observed that in certain periods and times, as the afternoon, the yield of extracted oil was higher. It was possible to identify and quantify a total of 25 constituents present in the oil of C. citriodora wherein the chemical constituent citronellal was abundantly in all samples in the case of the majority component analysis. Most chemical constituents characterized in the essential oil of C. citriodora in this study were monoterpenes followed aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, monocarboxylic organic acid, alcohol and ketone. We noted, therefore, that the experimental unit and the methodology used were efficient for the extraction of essential oil of Corymbia citriodora species, since the data obtained were in accordance with literature data.