DUTRA, R. F.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4434169917404637; DUTRA, Renato Ferreira.
Resumo:
In this study we investigate defect structures in models described by a single real scalar field in (1 + 1) dimensions in space-time, with potentials which support kink- like and lump-like defects. We examine some of its most important features, such as the presence or absence of topological charge and its energy density. We find the so-called BPS states from the method developed by Bogomol’nyi, Prasad and Sommerfield without the need to solve the equations of motion, in which the potential of a given model is written in terms of a superpotential, resulting in reduced differential equation of second order in two first-order differential equations. With the objective of ensure that topological solutions are stable, then we perform the study of linear stability of the solutions. As an example of topological defects we show the formation of the kink-like defects, from the phenomenon of spontaneous symmetry breaking, in Coulomb crystals and polyacetylene.