Atuação do enfermeiro frente a baixa adesão terapêutica em pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos.

Abstract

Low therapeutic adherence in patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases is still a major problem for public health, especially with regard to Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus, which correspond to the cause of deaths in Brazil. The nurse of primary health care, because it is directly linked to these users has a fundamental role in controlling the chronic condition of the patient. The objective of this study was to analyze how nurses from the Basic Health Units of the city of Cajazeiras-PB act in the face of low adherence to the treatment of patients with Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. This is a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative ly-approach study. The sample consisted of 12 nurses from the Basic Health Units of the municipality of Cajazeiras, Paraíba in August/September, through a semi-structured interview. The results were divided into two moments, the demographic socio-demographic data were initially grouped, and were later listed by categories and analyzed in the light of Bardin's Content Analysis. The research followed all recommendations of Resolution No. 466/12, ensuring participants the preservation of the collected data, approved by the Research Ethics Committee with opinion no. 3,525,017. The age of the participating nurses ranged from 24 to 45 years, the female gender was predominant, had a training time of 1 to 5 years and worked in the unit of work ranging from 4 months to 2 years, most had specialization in Family Health. Qualitative analysis was put into 4 categories. The results showed that in the basic units of the city there is a deficit of low adherence, nurses can identify this problem with the patient, identifying the triggering factors, the knowledge of professionals about the theme, mostly proved inconsistent. The problem of low adherence was evidenced, but nurses use strategies to cope with the problem and the performance of this professional in the resolution and/or minimization in view of the role of educator, mobilizer. Educational actions had an impact as a strategy to address the problem. Thus, the continued care of these chronic users is of fundamental importance for the control of diseases, at a time, adherence to the treatment of these users is still one of the challenges of primary health care teams.