Da guerra a impotência: conflitos nas masculinidades hegemônicas no filme Táxi Driver e no romance O Sol Também se Levanta.

Abstract

Relations between genders change a lot over the centuries. Social movements as feminists contributed to the advances of gender studies and, consequently, to the studies of masculinity, which are more evident in the 1990s. At this same time, the concept of hegemonic masculinity emerged, which helped in the analysis of inequalities powers between genders and revealed the social practices that are associated with masculinity. This concept is related to virility, which is linked to sexuality and violence. Men are often charged to act according to virility standards and most often put themselves at risk because of this, such as in military environments. Because of this, the present paper has as it is general objective an analysis of the main characters of the novel The Sun Also Rises (1926), by the american writer Ernest Hemingway and the movie Taxi Driver (1976), directed by Martin Scorsese, using the hegemonic masculinity concept. This research is exploratory bibliographic and has the following theoretical resources: Connell and Pearse (2016), Audoin-Rouzeau (2013), Moreira (2011), Souza and Antloga (2017), among others. At the end of this paper, the concept of hegemonic masculinity was evidenced through the crisis of the characters analyzed, the fact that they participated in such a hegemonized and violent environment as the military, affected and damaged their lives, they try to appear to be hegemonic masculinities before society through practices that relate to the myth of virility.