Custos de medidas de redução e instrumentos de gestão no controle da poluição hídrica.

Abstract

The pollution in water surface sources provocate high water treatment costs which bring serious economic impacts. This situation leads management entities to define a pollution control system based on management tools (in Brazil, such management tools are define on the Environmental Policy - Law number 6.938/81 - as well as Water Resources one - Law number 9.433/97). This research selected the Pirapama river basin, located at Recife Metropolitan Region (Pcrnambuco State, Brazil) as the study case for analysing water pollution levels and defining water pollution measure control costs. Such costs are established considering scenarios of water river quality improvements. Those scenarios are define based on Brazilian CONAMA Resolution number 020/86 which specifies water river quality goals. Besides, the research aims to establish a water effluent system charges based on the long run marginal cost. The Decision Suport System for Integrated Pollution Control (DSS-IPC), developed by the World Bank, was chosen for performing the simulations. The outcomes showed that upstream Pirapama Dam Area is not complied with CONAMA Resolution (Class 2 was established for the main stream in this Area). The pollution treatment cost for this Area is calculated as US$ 3.341.012,82 and the agricultural industrial sector must perform Secondary and Tcrciary treatments. The downstream Area situation is much bettter since industrial sector already treat their effluents. In this Area. Phosphurus is the only one parameter which does not obey CONAMA Resolution.