Análise do sistema de drenagem de Campina Grande/PB para proteção de áreas de risco de inundação.

Abstract

This work aims to evaluate, by means of modeling, the effects of watersheds urbanization in Campina Grande city, in order to improve the drainage system and minimizing and preventing flood risk. For this, it was chosen as study area the neighborhood of Catole for having urban and social characteristics of the city. The discretization of the drainage network, occupation type and the topography study area was made by camp study and using the Urban Base Map of Campina Grande- PB. For the system modeling was used the software SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) which was standardized based on 11 events of precipitation occurred between July of 2007 and August of 2011. The obtained results indicates that the current situation presents points of failure for the precipitation with a return time from one year, recording the highest number of failures in the event lasting 60 minutes and a return time of 5 years. If it was increased 20% of the permeable area would have an elimination of the points of failure for precipitations with a return period of 1 year and a decrease for the others events with greater return period. The decrease of points of failure in the system also would be obtained if modifications were implemented in the network. In this case, in the most of the simulations would be reduced, the points of failure as compared to existing drainage system, although, it would be less efficient than increasing the permeable area. If there was a combined application between the increase of 20% of the permeable area and the drainage network modification, in general, it would have more reduction of the failures in the system, however, this solution would have more difficulties of implementation due to the need for investments by both municipal government and private sectors.