Incidência de podridão e qualidade de goiaba 'Paluma' submetida a impacto e transportada em dois tipos de embalagens.

Abstract

The use of inadequate packaging cause injuries in fruits and these serve as inside for pathogens also cause devaluation of quality fruit leading to post-harvest fosses. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of fungi and quality of guava 'Paluma' with impact injury and packaged in two types of boxes for transport. The fruits were harvested in orchard farming Farm Mocó, Aparecida - PB at the maturity stage "once" and taken to the packing shed of the farm to the treatments. The fruits were submitted to impact through the drop height of 85 cm under industrial floor. They were then packed in boxes, constituting the following treatments: TI, fruits submitted to impact, in a plastic box packaging polyethylene, T2, fruits submitted to impact, packing in cardboard, T3. fruits without impact on packaging plastic box for polyethylene, T4, fruits without impact, packing in cardboard, T5, fruits without mechanical injury. Later they were transported for 45 km, to the Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimenta (CCTA) with a percurse in highway and dirt road. Analyses were performed in the Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Food Analysis of CCTA. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications and two fruits per repetition. To confirm the identity and frequency of fungar pathogens, small pieces of fruit were plated on PDA and incubated for seven days at 28 ' C, with a photoperiod of 12 hours, and subsequent identification. The physico-chemical analyzes were performed 24 hours after the fruits harvest. The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and mean comparison (Tukey) at 5% probability. Were identified the following fungo: 4/fernar7a sp, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum sp, Curvularia sp, Cladosporium sp, Nigrospora sp, sp Penícillinum, Pestalotiopsis sp and Rhizopus sp. The results of disease severity and average number of lesions per fruit showed that the TI differs significantly from the others. Treatments TI and T2 had a higher incidence of rot fruits. The highest occurrence of fungi was verify in treatments with plastic box packaging (TI and T3) with values superiors to treatments that used packing in cardboard (T2, T4 and Ts, showing that the plastic box favors fungal incidence. For physic-chemical analyzes the impacts associated with transporting the fruits in different packaging did not affect fruit quality after 24 hours of harvest.