Sementes de feijão-caupi tratadas com diferentes extratos vegetais.

Abstract

The use of seed treatment is an efficient way and, increasingly needed in pathogens control. Among the treatments, the use of herbal extracto, condiments and / or aromatic have shown to be a viable alternative for pathogen contrai associated with seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of garlic extracts, cinnamon bark and flower buds of clave at a concentration of 20% on the micoflora and physiological quality on seed of varieties BRS Patativa and Costela de Vaca (Vlgna uniu/cu/afa (L.) Walp). The seeds were grown in the experimental área of the CCTA/UFCG in Pombal - PB. The method used for the analysis and identification of fungi on seeds were on filter paper substrate "blotter test". Were used for the sanitary test 200 seeds per treatment, and distributed in eight replications of 25 seeds. The seeds were immersed in the extract for 10 minutes, then incubated in petri dishes (diameter 15,0 cm), maintained for a period of seven days at a temperature of 25 t 2'C under a photoperiod of 12 hours of fluorescent white light. For the physiological quality were used 100 seeds, with four replications of 25 seeds per treatment, distributed on paper "germitest" at 30'C temperature, evaluating effect of the extracts on the germination, first count and speed index germination. The experimental design for the sanity analysis and physiological quality was completely randomized. The fungi identified in seed of the varieties cowpea BRS Patativa and Costela de Vaca were 4spe/gl//us n/ger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp. arte Mac/ophomlna phaseo//na. In this work the highest incidences were of Co//efofrlchum, 4sperg///us É7avus at the two varieties. Except to the genus Pen/c////um, the extracts used were effective in reducing the incidence of pathogens in BRS Patativa. However for Costela de Vaca variety the extracts were effective only for the Fusadt/m and Co//efofrfchum fungi. The extracts of garlic and clove Índia completely ínhibited the incidence of the FusaHum in both varieties. All extracts inhibited the development of Mac/ophomina phaseo//r7a in BRS Patativa. The application of plant extracts did not affect seed quality evaluated on the two cowpea varieties.