A política como negócio de família: os herdeiros e a força dos capitais no jogo político das elites da Paraíba (1985-2015).

Abstract

The thesis discuss about the formation of political elite and your dynamics of circulation in the most varied spaces of State control, since 1985 to 2015. The empirical aim was the “political families” and the “new political families” that have relatives in the Federal Chamber and occupy other instances of political representation in the “New Republic”. The hypothese of the work is that to occupy public office of elective/representative character in the context of “New Republic” is necessary have two type of capital – economical capital and political family capital. The specific aim was: 1) Verify if the political families and/or new political families, by their relatives, still represents a key of compression and constitution of the political power of State; 2) Identify the spaces and instances of power that the agents these families control; and 3) Understand how the structure of the political power encounter settled in the aforementioned capital and how make the political actives that possibility the electoral success and the reproduction of power and the dominance in the Paraíba State. For this, its was made a genealogical analyses and documental research by database of: i) the Superior Electoral Court (TSE); ii) the Interunion Department of Parliamentary Advisory; and iii) the Center of Documental Research and Contemporary History (CPDOC). The first two databases served for building of graphical and tables based on descriptive statistics. The CPDOC document database, as well the biographies and information available on the website: "Congress in focus" served as basis for understanding and demonstration of the political family capital. With regard to the volume of economic capital, was made use of the TSE database (2016) relative to declared patrimony by politicians; and hence the "donations" designed by companies to parties and candidates that are available at sites like "Excellencies". Based on these data, after performed the analysis, it was found that the agents of the political families and new political families fit into the political field and the occupy elective positions of the "New Republic", accessing impersonal capital. It was found that the researched "families" built a power political and economical structure and, therefore, policy domination that is perpetuated over time. And these capital (symbolic and material) are transmitted from generation to generation in a constant accumulation of power and that tends to deepen in the coming decades because the heirs are those who have/are occupy/occupied the main instances of political representative of the "New Republic". The research also proved that hardly any individual accesses the elective offices of the "New Republic" without having considered volume of these two type of capital. This puts into question the idea that the elections are free, fair and open to all citizens; and falls to the ground, in part, the constitutional principle that in the republic the mandates are limited (or non-hereditary). The "privileges" and "heredity" prevail in the State, but masked by the liberal logic of competition and the discourse of "merit", they conceal the unequal access to the institutions. The politics becomes, therefore, the space of the "privileged" that control parties, media and other instances - such as public social equipment’s - turning into "places of memory" and perpetuates in your symbolic dimension. The politics is transforms, in the current "Republican" context and the logic of capital, in family business.