“Só DEUS, só JESUS!”: o “polícia solidária” e a sensação de (in) segurança dos moradores do bairro do José Pinheiro, Campina Grande-PB.

Abstract

This study deals with the interaction between the residents of the neighborhood of José Pinheiro and the military police officers engaged in the "Solidary Police" program in the same neighborhood, in the city of Campina Grande, and the influence of such interaction on the residents' sense of safety. Therefore, starting from the key concepts of community policing proposed by Skolnick, Bayley (2002) and Trojanowicz, Bucqueroux (1999), which can be summarized in "reorientation of patrol activities", "decentralization of command", "supervision of police activities "and" prevention of crime"developed with a view to bring military police and residents closer together, as well as improving their sense of security. On this, the perception of both the inhabitants and the military police on these subjects was analyzed from a qualitative perspective through ethnographic incursions, interviews, informal conversations and participant and non-participant observation, so that, at the end, to describe and analyze how the relationship between residents and military police in the neighborhood was. The results indicated that although there is a physical structure that mentions the "Solidary Police" program in the neighborhood, which is the Solidarity Police Unit of the José Pinheiro Neighborhood, the policing actions developed in the neighborhood corresponded to the preventive and repressive facets of traditional policing rather than community policing, so there was no consensual rapprochement between the military police and neighborhood residents, which interfered with the improvement of the security feeling of the last ones. In summary, patrolling could be said to be mobile and random, covering an extensive territorial area; as well as, the indicated Solidarity Police Unit was still acting according to a centralized model of planning and execution of police activities; and also that supervision of police activities and possible accountability of military police officers were precarious and inefficient; Finally, it was concluded that crime prevention followed the logic of traditional policing philosophy through mobile patrolling, as well as sporadic approaches and personal searches. Because of the insufficient police action and the massive presence of criminal activities, the residents of the neighborhood used the supernatural element "God" and "Jesus" as a form of protection, which evidenced the State's inefficiency in promoting adequate public security policies.