Qualidade do solo de áreas degradadas pela exploração de madeira para lenha no semiárido da Paraíba.

Abstract

The removal of vegetation has accelerated soil degradation process that can be monitored through soil quality. For this purpose, it was aimed to evaluate soil quality of degraded by logging for firewood in the semiarid Paraiba, in three management situations, namely completely deforested (AD), a completely deforested and burned area (ADQ), about three years before and native vegetation remaining (MN), in Sítio Roncador, located in middle region of Paraiba, sub-basin Piancó, Pombal-Paraíba. These were selected representing a subarea of 70 x 50 m in which five plots of 20 x 15 m. Soil samples (0-15 cm) in each plot was carried out in two seasons (dry and rainy season). It was calculated deterioration index to the attributes separately and jointly, by means of chemical, physical and biological attributes over the deforested area. The principal components analysis was calculated with 22 variables. The deterioration index calculated for the deforested indicated changes in attributes when compared with the reference area, in both seasons. Differentiation occurred in chemical indicators, physical and biological agents between areas (AD, ADQ and MN), for two seasons. The area deforested and burned (ADQ) has chemical, physical and biological properties that resemble the reference area (MN). The attributes that have differentiating between areas, in both seasons, were pH, CE, P, K+, Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Dp, OM, C-biomass, qCO2, breathing edaphic, N-biomass and qMic.