Uso de geotecnologias para o mapeamento da fragilidade ambiental do perímetro irrigado de São Gonçalo no município de Sousa – PB.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the different degrees of environmental fragility of the Irrigated Perimeter of São Gonçalo (PISG) in Sousa - PB, using geo-technology. Based on the methodological procedures of Ross (1994). The slope maps were created, soils, vegetation (degress of protection) and rainfall in QGIS software (2.14), SPRING (5.2) and Google Earth. As each of these maps analysed for the generation of environmental fragility map or potential of the region. The PISG has a low slope with some undulations and hills, the type fluvisol soils udorthent, red-yellow eutrophic argisol vertisoil and planosol nátrico, the degress of protection in the region is considered intermediate in most of its territory about 33.9% characterized by long cycle crops, grasslands and the low trampling with sub-forests of native vegetation, characteristic of the region where is located the PISG with irregular rainfall during the year and episodes of rain intense, with an annual average of 894 mm. The results indicated that the PISG has environmental fragility levels predominantly medium and low, followed by strong fragility levels and some areas with very strong weakness. The largest environmental fragility indexes were recorded in areas with sharp relief or with the use of intensive agriculture, without proper conservation practices. Areas with intermediate degree of fragility should be monitored and areas with very high fragility should be used recovery techniques.