Identificação e análise de impactos ambientais da indústria têxtil: um estudo de caso no município de Itaporanga - PB.

Abstract

This study aimed to identify and analyze the environmental impacts caused by the implementation of a textile industry in the city of Itaporanga - PB. The methodology consisted in carrying out literature searches, field visits, photo documentation and in the use of geoprocessing tools and environmental impact assessment. The activities of the enterprise were listed for phases from planning, installation and operation. A simplified environmental assessment of the study area was elaborated. Through the methods from environmental impact assessment, Ad Hoc, Check Lists and Interaction Matrix, were identified and classified the environmental impacts, with emphasis on the significant impacts. Afterwards, it was proposed environmental control measures and environmental plans and programs. Based on the results, it was found that the activities that had significant environmental impacts: deforestation, cut and fill, earthwork, weaving and dyeing, respectively, and that such actions affecting the environmental components: soil, flora, fauna, water, atmospheric air and the population, respectively. Among the environmental control measures proposed, following stand out: limit deforestation to the necessary areas; recycling paper, cardboard and plastic, resulting from the production process; perform the treatment of industrial effluents; and install filters in the chimney, as cyclone or gas scrubber. The main environmental plans and/or programs indicated were: Environmental Management Program; Plan for Solid Waste Management; and Effluent Management Program.