SILVA NETO, M. F.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7855484660272754; SILVA NETO, Manoel Ferreira da.
Resumo:
Due to the growing demand for water consumption and rigidity of environmental laws,
water treatment companies have been increasingly concerned about removing
contaminants during the water treatment process. Of the contaminants present in the
water we can highlight biological contaminants, composed of microorganisms capable
of causing diseases, they are viruses, algae, protozoa, helminths and bacteria. With this,
the need arises for new technologies for the treatment of this water, as a way to aid the
conventional methods of treatment. Electrochemical methods have the major advantage
that their main reactant, the electron, is a clean reagent. Thus, the objective of this study
is the application of electrochemical processes with low tensions for microbiological
disinfection of contaminated water. The study consisted in the construction of an
electrochemical bench reactor, consisting of electrodes of nickel and titanium with a
mesh of nylon as a separator, wrapped in PVC pipe. In the first stage, the
electrochemical reactor was analyzed, with water supply, from the distribution system,
in order to verify the decrease profile in the water potability parameters, where the
reactor showed sensitive changes in turbidity parameters reducing in 57% of its initial
value and color, reduction of 10,0 mgPt / L. Then, in the second step, residence times
were analyzed with solutions containing a tracer (NaCl) with a concentration of 5,000
mg / l, with flow variations ranging from 2.0 to 6.0 Lmin-1, where best flow in 4.0
Lmin-1, the electric current density for the electrochemical reactor was also analyzed
applying different electrical potentials (2.0V to 10.0V). For the third and final stage, the
electrical potentials (voltages) ranging from (2.0V to 10.0V) were analyzed for the
concentration of microalgae of the Chorella sp type present in the aqueous medium with
concentrations of 2.32 x 106 cell numbers per milliliter as indicator organism, where it
was seen that, the best voltage applied is 8.0V, then the removal potential for bacteria of
the Escherichia coli family as pathogenic organism was analyzed in order to remove
them, these experiments were done on 8.0V of voltage and under a flow of 4.0 Lmin-1.
These analyzes were very promising because they showed a very marked decrease in
the number of bacterial colonies. With this you get a product free of contaminants
cleanly and quickly.