Utilização do óxido de ferro em misturas asfálticas objetivando reduzir os efeitos das ilhas de calor urbano.

Abstract

Concern for the environment has become increasingly evident in both developed and growing countries. Aiming at guaranteeing a better welfare and favorable living conditions for the current and future population, the aim is to soften the accumulation of large amounts of heat in urban centers, especially in urban areas, which is precisely the phenomenon known as Urban Heat Island. (ICU), which is characterized precisely by the increase of urban temperatures compared to the rural areas. It is also known that the natural land previously found in urban centers is increasingly being replaced by asphalted surfaces, which are one of the main factors causing the increase in ambient temperature. This can be explained by the dark color of these surfaces, which generate an excessive increase in heat due to its low reflectivity. To minimize this impact on the environment, it is therefore suggested to use less heat-absorbing materials, in this case the use of lighter surfaces, achieved by incorporating pigments into the asphalt mixtures, which are able to reflect Indeed sunlight. Therefore, we explain the choice to incorporate iron oxide in asphalt mixtures, in red and yellow colors, in order to evaluate the use of dyes incorporated in asphalt mixtures, to be used in urban coatings of roads that require greater visibility. and floor differentiation, with the intention of increasing asphalt reflectivity, thereby reducing the large amounts of heat resulting from the absorption of solar radiation. To meet these objectives, this research was structured in two main strands: first, mechanical characterization of asphalt mixtures with the incorporation of iron oxide, in order to verify the resistance of these mixtures after the addition of pigment, and second, to verify whether The addition of pigments significantly reduces surface temperature and increases surface reflectivity. The results indicated the technical viability of theincorporation of iron oxide in the mixture, as the addition of pigments increases the useful life of these mixtures. Comparing the results obtained for conventional and colored mixtures, it was found that there was a significant reduction in the surface temperature of the coatings and increase in solar reflectivity influenced by the surface color.