ABRANTES PRIMO, Geraldo.
Résumé:
For a better agricultural use, producers use the various techniques in the
soil management, which in most cases are not adequate, thus allowing the installation of
degradative processes. Through incorrect cultivation practices, the soil of a given area
intensely cultivated can be destroyed in a few years. The lack of information on the consequences
the misuse of the soil has contributed to its degradation. This research addresses the
problem of soil salinization resulting from inadequate irrigation practices and
objective to understand the current situation of soil salinity in Lagoa de Fora, Distrito de
Varzea da Ema in the municipality of Santa Helena - PB. To achieve this goal it was necessary to
characterize the physical-biological environment, identify the types of cultures explored,
crops used, the irrigation methods implemented and, lastly,
main environmental problems arising from salinization in the research area. In this perspective,
the quantitative and qualitative method was used, which involved bibliographic and
documentary, cartographic, field research (data collection), laboratory research, analysis and
interpretation of data. The results obtained allowed us to present the current picture of salinity
of the soil, identifying several problems resulting from this salinization in the researched area. Against
of the results presented in the survey the area has three sectors of degraded soils, two
semidegraded and twenty specific sectors of saline spots resulting from salinization. According to
results obtained in the chemical analyzes of the soil of these sectors, their soils are
with high levels of salts in degraded sites presenting soils of saline-alkaline types. Fence
9.45% of the soils in the surveyed area are degraded and semi-degraded.
