Os macroimpactos ambientais decorrentes do processo de irrigação no sítio Cacaré município de Santa Helena-PB.

Abstract

The practice of irrigated agriculture has been shown to be essential for farmers in the Sitio Cacare, municipality of Santa Helena - PB, therefore, through this activity the irrigators of the location will be able to increase the number of harvests, since before they only planted in the rainy season and increase their productivity, since the use of irrigation guarantees water to the plant on all production sides. In addition, the practice of irrigation it also helps other agricultural products to be grown in the area and the case, for example, banana, guava and coconut from Bahia, as well as other crops destined for the animal consumption. It is worth mentioning that these cultures started to be cultivated mainly after the construction of Acude Lagoa do Arroz, located in the municipality of Cajazeiras - PB. However, the increase in the irrigated area at the Cacare site raises concerns especially when referring to the high demand for water resources used for this sector. In addition, the expansion of irrigation itself demands greater demand, hence again, the importance of using irrigation methods that are more efficient and that generate less environmental impacts, where the use of inefficient methods has caused the appearance of several environmental impacts. There is a predominance in the locality in the use of inefficient methods, for example, conventional spraying. Against Furthermore, several environmental impacts in the locality are associated with the practice of irrigation, and the case of soil erosion, which can be easily observed in the studied area. Another impact identified and the extinction of fauna and flora species as a consequence of the use frequent use of pesticides in the various crops in the community.