Geração automática de manobras para sistemas eletroenergéticos.

Abstract

Switching sequences executed in the electrical grid aim to prevent electric power provision interruptions, which may be caused by random events, such as equipment faults or overloads; or equipment maintenance. Switching sequence generation is usually manual, and can last between one hour and one day, according to the switching sequence complexity and the number of equipment involved. The limited time for switching sequence generation, especially in contingency circumstances, increases the probability of errors in the resulting switching sequences. Factors such as delay in switching sequence generation, failure in analyzing the switching sequence's effects on the electrical grid, and susceptibility to errors can negatively affect the electric system and the electric power company, decreasing system security, and increasing monetary losses mainly associated with equipment unavailability and electric power provision interruption. This study presents and evaluate a new approach for automatically generating switching sequences in electric substations; the proposal possesses the main characteristics to ideally solve the problem. The technique, for automatically generate switching sequences, (i) is based on the power grid's real-time topology; (ii) uses interlocking rules based on the grid's topological configuration in order to guarantee security for the system and for the workers; (iii) uses algorithms that are independent of the equipment's topological disposition and the substation's size. To verify the correctness of solution in the scope of a real electric company, the automatically generated switching sequences was compared to standard switching sequences made manually by CHESF operation supervisors or operators. In ali, more the 1300 scripts were compared. For switching sequences to release circuit breaker during maintenance periods, the percentage of correct switching sequence was 91,1%; and for switching sequence to restore circuit breaker, the percentage of correct switching sequence was 90,4%. The execution time was 14ms and 16ms, respectively. The second validation stage is based on proof-of-concept system, named SmartSwitch. The system is presented in this work and is intended to be used by CHESF operation supervisors and operators. A selected group of specialists in switching sequence generation is responsible for evaluating the system regarding its usability and correctness. The initial evaluation made by specialists group showed that technique is able to generate, in normal topology, correct and safe switching operations from electric point of view. Also, it was noticed that the tool has a high levei of acceptance by the company's operators and supervisors, due to its low maintenance needs.