Prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV: um desafio para a enfermagem.

Abstract

The profile of women with AIDS began to change in the late 80's, where the number of infected women of childbearing age had an increased alarmingly. The study has shown that the heterosexual group was considered the main route of HIV transmission, with the passage of time there was the assumption when observing the number of women and newborns who had become infected as a result of this contact. The way mother and fetus known as vertical transmission has been currently one of the ways that has promoted frequent HIV infections. From this perspective, we draw the following objectives: To evaluate nursing actions to control the transmission of HIV, identify the knowledge of nurses and care in the prevention of HIV and to investigate the nurse's perception of the importance of pre-test at the hospital. For this we used a descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach. This study was conducted at the Maternity Dr. Deodato Cartaxo, and the research population consisted of nurses working in that motherhood and sample 06 of these professionals. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire in November 2009 and data were analyzed according to content analysis according to Bardin (2004). For this purpose, were taken into account the ethical aspects contained in Resolution No. 196/96 of the CNS. The results showed that the 06 nurses interviewed, 67% are aged between 26 to 30 years, 83% are female. With regard to marital status, 83% are single. You can also identify that 67% of nurses already working in the area of 1 to 5 years and in relation to the employment relationship was found that 50% is gazetted. It was possible to see that the professionals in maternity study did not follow the guidelines and protocols recommended by the Health Ministry, and these protocols are needed to prevent vertical transmission of HIV. Another significant finding is the lack of training of nurses in dealing with a pregnant HIV positive. So, I think that health services must be organized for these preventive actions, as the nurses with other professionals, are significant actors in order to avoid vertical transmission. Thus, it is most needed are all involved in finding solutions to the transformations that HIV infection has brought to the health care of mothers and newborns.