Fatores que influenciam para realização da cesárea.

Abstract

Brazil displays one of the highest rates of cesarean sections in the world, which constitutes a public health issue. This study had as general objective: to analyze the factors which influence in a cesarean section at the maternity hospital of the town of Cajazeiras - PB; and specific: to verify the influence of social context of women in the realization of cesarean sections and identify the factors associated to realization of cesarean at the maternity hospital of the town of Cajazeiras - PB. This is an exploratory and descriptive study with both quantitative and qualitative approach. The research subjects were 30 women who performed cesarean at maternity hospital of the town of Cajazeiras - PB, in May 2011. The instrument of data collection was a structured interview containing objective and subjective questions. The data for the socio demographic and obstetric characterization were presented in chart with frequency and percentage. The qualitative data was analyzed in a traditional thematic way, presented in frames and discussed based on the literature pertinent to the theme. The results reveal young women, having satisfactory schooling, most of them worked out of home, were married, belonging to low economic class. Regarding the obstetric data the majority was primiparous and multiparous, with previous cesarean, most carried out more than 7 prenatal exams. Among the factors associated with the performance of cesarean are the choice, iterativity and complications during pregnancy and birth, as well as the possibility of tubal ligation. Despite the profile of the population assisted in the maternity hospital reveals indications for cesarean, it became evident the necessity to rethink the obstetric practice, which has affected the quality and humanization of assistance to women in childbirth. Thus, this study aims to contribute through information provided, in the search for actions to reduce the number of caesarean, as well as improve the current obstetric practice.