Estudo dos principais fatores de riscos maternos relacionados à hipertensão na gestação em Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Cajazeiras- PB.

Abstract

Pregnancy is a physiological phenomenon, and therefore its evolution takes place in most cases without complications. However, some pregnant women may experience complications at risk for maternal and fetal health. Among the complications and diseases that manifest or worsen during pregnancy, high blood pressure or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are noteworthy because they have the highest rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. Hypertension is the most common complication during pregnancy. There are several risk factors related to hypertension in pregnancy. Given this context, the objective o f this study was to verify the occurrence of major risk factors related to maternal hypertension in pregnancy in Basic Health Units in the city of Cajazeiras - PB. For the goal was reached, we developed a descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach, performed through the data contained in hypertensive pregnant women Perinatal chips. The sample consisted of twenty-nine pregnant women who were diagnosed with hypertension during pregnancy identified in Perinatal records between January 2009 and June 2011. A l l procedures strictly followed the criteria required by ethical research involving humans, according to Resolution No. 196/96, granted by Decree No. 93.933/87 of the National Health Council (CNS) / Ministry of Health The instrument used was built according to the research objectives. As a result it was found that there was occurrence of 8.3% of pregnant women with hypertension, and these, 10.3% developed preeclampsia. 65.5% of the sample held at least six prenatal consultations. Regarding the risk factors studied, 34.4% of patients had a first pregnancy factor, the factor 41.4% had obesity, 68.9% had a family history factor, the factor 82.4% had non-white race and 3.4% had multiple pregnancy factor. It is concluded that, based on these findings, it is considered a primary prenatal care quality, in which pregnant women with hypertension are identified and, should the need arise, one must take actions and interventions in pursuit of a better prognosis breast and perinatal, helping to reduce levels of maternal and fetal mortality.