Infarto agudo do miocárdio em pacientes admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: perfil epidemiológico.

Abstract

The cardiovascular diseases have a preponderant function in the morb-imortality indicators in Brazil, and the ischemic heart disease, including the myocardial acute heart attack (AHA) which is the principal component of this mortality. The AHA refers to the appearing of a necrosis in the myocardial area, in consequence of a persistent and complete reduction of blood flow for an obstruction of a coronary artery, caused principally for thrombosis formed in an atherosclerotic board. The purpose of this study is to construct an epidemiologic profile of the patients with Myocardial Acute Heart Attack admitted at the Intensive Unit of the Regional Hospital of Cajazeiras (HRC). For all these, it was opted an study documental, a cross sectional, of charater exploratory, descriptive with a quantitative, developed at the IUT of the HRC. It was for data collection, initially the register (admission and discharge), followed by charts of all patients affected with AHA in the period from January to December of 2010, well filled and signed for the nursery team. The data were collected by the research indirect documental technic, with specific form, by only one researcher. The results revealed that the male sex was the most reached, with 74% and 26% of female sex, and the age most affected was from 61 to 70 years old. The risk factors, 33% of the patients had as a base disease the Arterial Systemic Hypertension. The pain was reported by 87% of the patients, with a bigger incidence in the precordial pain in 67%, followed by 20% thoracic. The bigger period of hospitalization was from 2 to 4 days with 46%. The evolution of these patients showed that 69% were discharged from IUT, 10% were transferred and 21% died. However, it is necessary for nursing professionals of this sector to better organize information obtained from the patients, in other words, fill all the spaces in the history of nursing clinical conditions for this client, since some records were not found data in full. According to the exposed information, we can conclude that the research gave data to the situational diagnosis of the AHA met at the TUT also to the next researches about strategy that minimizes the impacts that this problem cause in the morbi-mortality of the population, financial and government spending on public health.