Water wars: a escassez de recursos hídricos como ameaça à segurança interacional.

Abstract

Water scarcity on the planet has become the subject of studies in different areas, given the recognition of this resource as a fundamental human right. Whether social, economic, environmental, legal or political, the contexts in which water resource debates are embedded make up a wide theoretical range of approaches. Among them are security issues, with regards to war, defense and strategy studies, more specifically at the international level. These studies address the scarcity of water resources, as this problem can generate large-scale conflicts in the international environment. Therefore, the present research questions to what extent the scarcity of water resources can pose a threat to international security? In the meantime, it aims to discuss how this critical scenario can define the future of much of the world's population, as well as which alternatives can be used to prevent violent clashes from breaking out, by analyzing theories like the Water Footprint. and Virtual Water in countries affected by scarcity. The research has a qualitative character, based on exploratory research, through literature review. The method chosen is the inductive, starting from the observation of particular factors to arrive at a broader result. Indeed, it is essential to highlight what are the main risks that must be tackled today to avoid worse problems in the future. In the work proposed here, the focus will be on the threat to international security, given the precariousness of studies on this subject in the area of law and in Brazil. It is necessary to note the importance of studies aimed at regulating water consumption, not only for products to be adequately consumed, or for industries to have more environmental responsibility, but for armed conflicts and violence generated by water scarcity. resources, do not define the international security scenario in the coming years.