Potencialidade de aplicação do biodiesel de maracujá e sua compatibilidade com o biodiesel de mamona.

Abstract

The northeastern region has a high yield of passion fruit, primarily the industrialization of pulp and juice concentrates, producing hulls and seeds as industrial waste, whose seed contains about 25% oil. Besides the passion fruit, castor oil is an oilseed crop suited to the characteristics of climate and soil of the Northeast to be very resistant to water scarcity, whose seed is constituted 43-50% oil. In the search for alternative raw materials for biodiesel production, the objective of this thesis was to evaluate the implementation of passion fruit oil in biodiesel production routes methyl and ethyl and its compatibility with the biodiesel from castor beans. The passion fruit oils and castor oil commercial and raw passion, obtained from the extraction of residual seeds were used. The biodieseis were obtained by transesterification reaction alkaline. To evaluate the properties of biodieseis were determined their physico-chemical and thermal stability by thermal techniques, chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Biodiesel passion fruit obtained from the crude oil showed a better performance in the route obtained from methyl and refined oil showed better. As for the route used to route methyl showed better performance than the alcoholic, due to the humidity of ethanol. The thermograms showed the lower stability of the refined oil. The passion fruit had biodieseis physicochemical parameters that agree with the standards established by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels, confirming its suitability as fuel. The gas chromatography confirmed the acquisition of the esters after transesterification reaction and indicated a greater amount of ester derivatives of linoleic and oleic, in the case of passion fruit, and ricinoleic acid in the case of castor oil. The viscosity of biodiesel from castor oil was off limits. Regarding mixtures biodieseis the kinematic viscosity of biodiesel from castor oil was reduced after the addition of biodiesel passion in all proportions, but the proportion with higher content of castor oil (1:2) was still outside the norm. Nas thermograms it was found that biodiesel from castor oil was more stable than the passion fruit. And thus the mixture of biodieseis 1:1 ratio was more thermally stable than pure biodiesel passion fruit, because its fatty acid composition.