Avaliação da ilha de calor urbana em Manaus com dados observados in situ e sensoriamento remoto.

Abstract

The urban heat island (ICU) is an important phenomenon due to its direct and indirect impacts on human populations in urban environments. This phenomenon has been studied extensively using both direct measurements from air temperature sensors installed in fixed weather stations or mobile surveys using automobiles and remotely measured surface temperature data. This work evaluated the temporal and spatial variability of ICU in the city of Manaus using precipitation, temperature and air humidity data in five meteorological stations distributed in the urban area and one in the rural area during the period from July 2013 to July 2014. In addition, images of the Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS satellite were obtained in four days of the less rainy season to estimate the surface temperature in the area comprising the meteorological stations. The results indicated that atmospheric ICU occurs preferentially at night, being more intense and conditionally uncomfortable during the dry season of the region. From the satellite images, an inversely proportional relationship between the surface temperature and the NDVI can be observed, where the highest surface temperature variation is located in areas with little or no vegetation.