FERREIRA, C. F. S. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2801520793039759; FERREIRA, Carla Fernanda da Silva Leite.
Resumo:
The Brazilian northeast is home to one of the country’s highest biodiversity, associated to a rich
and valuable traditional knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants is highlighted the
Spondias sp (Cajarana do sertão) and Spondias tuberosa Arr. Câm. (Umbu). This study aimed
to assess the phytochemical Screening and antimicrobial activity of the Spondias sp and
Spondias tuberosa. leaf extracts in order to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration,
five Spondias sp (Cajarana do sertão) trees, in the ―Lajedo‖ farm , in the municipality of Patos PB
trees ,and five Spondias tuberosa (Umbu) trees in the ― Santo Antônio‖ farm in the
municipality of Matureia- PB, in good phytosanitary conditions, were selected. Botanic
material was collected for the for the confection of exsiccates for its identification, using the
herborization techniques, and subsequently stored in the Caatinga Herbarium of the Center of
Health and Rural Technology (CSTR) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG)
under the number 494 (Spondias sp) and 495 (e Spondias tuberosa Arr. Câm.) and then
transported to the Technology of Forestal Products sector (STPF) of the Forest Engineering
Academic Unit (UAEF) of the CSTR, Patos-PB Campus of the UFCG. The samples were died
in drying ovens at 40º C and submitted to a grinding process in a mechanical mill thus obtaining
6.0 Kg per species of dried and grinded material. Subsequently they were transported to the
Medicine and Pharmacological Products Research Institute (IPerFarm), of the Federal
University of Paraiba (UFPB), where the extraction process was performed. For this purpose 3.0
kg of the vegetal material of each species were extracted with ethanol (EtOH) at 95% during 72
hs and next the extractive solution was concentrated in a rotary evaporator device until the
obtainment of 200g of the crude ethanolic extract (CEE) . The phytochemical screening was
performed using the preliminary prospection method for the following metabolites: alkaloids,
steroids, tannins, flavonoids , terpenoids and saponins. The obtained results demonstrated that
the extracts presented positive results for the following classes of secondary metabolites,
steroids, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. For the antimicrobial analysis, extract dilutions
were prepared in the following concentrations, 5%,15% and 25% of the v/p of the CEE. These
analysis were performed in the Laboratory of Microbiology of the Veterinary Hospital of the
CSTR Patos Campus of the UFCG, using a selection of Gram-negative bacterial strains,
Escherichia coli ATCC (25923), Escherichia coli Escherichia coli in clinical samples a
3 and 4, Klebsiella in clinical sample 1 and 2, and Gram-positive: Staphylococus ATCC
(25922), Staphylococus 51, clinical sample, Staphylococus 48, clinical sample,
Streptococcus maya, Streptococcus mutans ATCC (24175), by the methods of disk
diffusion and determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) .The
Spondias sp and Spondias tuberosa extracts presented antimicrobial activity for the
Gram-positive bateria: Staphylococus ATCC (25922), Staphylococus 51, clinical sample,
Staphylococus 48, clinical sample, Streptococcus maya, Streptococcus mutans ATCC (24175),
this was not the case for the Gram-negative bacteria. It was observed in the disk diffusion tests
that there was no difference in the diameter of the halos found in the different concentrations of
the extracts of both the studied species. The screening provided relevant information of the metabolic classes present in both species, as well as the antimicrobial activity of their foliar
extracts on the Gram-positive bacteria, contributing to the knowledge of the potential for use in
the pharmaceutical industry of the Spondias demonstrating to be promising in the search and
development of new medicines.