As lutas e resistências do movimento Xingu Vivo Para Sempre diante do projeto hidrelétrico Belo Monte: o padrão de desenvolvimento da Amazônia em disputa.

Abstract

This research analyzes the struggles and resistance of the Xingu Alive Forever Movement (MXVPS) against the dominant pattern of development for the Amazon, focusing on environmental conflicts around the Project Belo Monte Hydroelectric (AHEBM), located in the southwest of Pará. To do so, was based on the following question: the MXVPS’s struggles and resistances against this hydroelectric project possible to identify development projects that arise as an alternative to hegemonic perspective? Thus, we sought to identify and analyze the extent to which these struggles and resistances of this Movement signal with a counterhegemonic perspective. The concepts of hegemony and counter-hegemony, based on Boaventura de Sousa Santos, backed the critical analysis perspective. Focusing on a qualitative approach, the methodological strategies combined bibliographic, documental and empirical research, in this case with emphasis on participant observation and semi-structures interviews and in-depth, giving emphasis to oral history. As a result, we found that the AHEBM is the expression, through the PAC, the expansion of hydroelectric border movement of territorialization in the dynamics of capital accumulation on the Amazon under the strong influence of the state, in partnership with major economic groups, using institutional and symbolic violence to conduct your neo-desenvolvimentista model. This expansion of the border, there has been a process of deterritorialization in the region, which is expressed in the expropriation, disintegration and insecurity of livelihoods and traditional peoples and peasant communities, violating their fundamental rights and putting at risk their physical and social protection, besides disturbing the balance of the ecosystem and the Amazon biome. This characterizes a process, as capitalist and colonialist. This expansion of hydroelectric border, however, does not come without giving contradictions and conflicts, struggles and resistance to this model. Following these lanes and signs of these contradictions and conflicts, it was also possible to capture non-hegemonic dynamics (social experiences and perspectives), as of resistances and struggles of MXVPS that occur deep in Brazil and help reveal more images, representations and experiences of the Amazon, Brazil and the world.