No balançar das asas que criam movimentos para a vida: possibilidades de autonomia construídas na relação entre cuidadores de serviços residenciais terapêuticos.

Abstract

The present work was carried out as part of the research project of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) entitled: “The Back to Home Program and deinstitutionalization: the impact on the daily lives of beneficiaries”. Anchored by the aforementioned research, we intended to analyze to what extent the relationship established between caregivers who work in Residential Therapeutic Services (SRTs) and residents of these spaces, beneficiaries of the Volta Para Casa Program (PVC), produces effects in the construction of autonomy of the last. We understand carrying out this work as fundamental to highlight the importance of the services and devices of the Psychosocial Care Network, mainly due to the moment of setbacks in relation to the principles of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform due to political offensives of a “new” conservative movement. To achieve our goal, we used the methodological perspectives of Institutional Analysis and Intervention Research, which guided the researcher's look in the field and brought life to the understanding and analysis of the events produced from the daily relationship with the subjects involved in the research, namely: two graduates of the João Ribeiro Psychiatric Hospital, PVC beneficiaries, who currently live in SRTs located in Campina Grande-PB, their roommates and three of their caregivers. In the field, the research lasted four months, during which time we held a total of sixteen meetings. For the construction of the empirical material of the research, we resorted to the following methodological instruments of qualitative research: participant observation, field diaries and semi-structured interviews. In the direction of carrying out the analysis of such material, we started, substantially, from the researcher's perspective in the field, from the encounters, from the affections, from the relationships built from the experiential plane, for the organization of three directly related categories: the first referring to the SRTs , the second to PVC and the third focused on the caregiver-resident relationship. In general, we point to the indispensability of rethinking some care practices within Therapeutic Residential Services, in an attempt to make relationships more horizontal, as well as the creation of spaces for dialogue between management, caregivers and residents, such as the assemblies proposed by the institution itself. mental health policy as a device for empowering residents, along with the need for ongoing discussions and training regarding PVC, especially with caregivers, aiming at the actual implementation of deinstitutionalization and psychosocial rehabilitation, fundamental issues regarding the Program and for these residents . The conclusion of this work does not end here and we believe that in the context of mental health all contradictions become necessary so that new reflections are possible, always seeking other forms of care that are not instituted as practices that are frozen in time.