Análise da percepção de riscos de populações vulneráveis urbanas: estudo de caso no bairro São José, João Pessoa-PB.

Abstract

With the disordered process of urbanization in Brazil, it is notable the existence of useless problems for the management of urban space, which produce and reproduce a socio-territorial segregation and have as main characteristic an inequality in the spatial distribution of the population, a condition of social vulnerability observed In the absence of essential resources for a life worthy of the population of the peripheral areas, in the midst of a deficiency of structure capable of meeting the basic needs of individuals, living in the midst of different threats and incapable of responding with their own resources to the various Problems that are affected, which are occupied by areas considered risky, unfit for habitation. In this perspective, it is of great importance for the cultural values and practices for the population groups and for a relation of these with the environment, trying to understand how they are / are exposed as threats and how they perceive and analyze the risks, as well as identify their vulnerabilities. Therefore, the study sought to analyze the perception and risks of vulnerable populations in the urban context, seeking an integration between the technical - scientific and empirical knowledge, and the population having as study area a neighborhood São José, João Pessoa – PB. This research is exploratory, constituting a case study, with a qualitative approach, where the vulnerability diagnosis was carried, and to understand the perception was used DSC (Discourse of the Collective Subject), Complemented with Oral History. The São José neighborhood presents characteristics of favelas and a history of problems experienced since the beginning of its occupation, which resulted in a subnormal community in an area of risk, with totally irregular occupation, absence of public policies and investments, and insufficient basic public services. The population faces many threats and acknowledges. They consider an area as being at risk and presenting high levels of social, economic and environmental, cultural and political vulnerability, which express a fragility of the population. In view of this alarming reality, which portrays a situation of populations living in places of study, this work presents relevant subsidies for planning, urban interventions and management plans in areas of subnormal communities, in order to help in the creation of public policies aimed at A To improve the quality of life and seek to reduce vulnerability and risk, and to make a diagnostic tool for public management to identify social fragilities and thus seek services through public policies in an inclusive perspective