PESSOA, M. F.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7235954275825642; PESSOA, Mariana Ferreira.
Resumen:
In this paper we present a study on the Irrigated Perimeter of São Gonçalo, located
in the District of São Gonçalo in Sousa city, located in the State of Paraíba. Irrigated
agriculture is a major economic activities in the backcountry of Paraíba, providing
food production and the creation of employment and income for the families of this
region. Thus, the main objective of this research is to propose an optimal planning for
the perimeter study to consider an efficient irrigation system, crop suitable region,
cost- effective and that consume less water as possible. With the in loco visit, it was
observed that the perimeter has no sustainable actions and planning in order to
strengthen the practice of these activities. We used a mathematical model to realize
this planning which uses linear programming techniques, which aims to obtain an
optimal solution to the problem, taking into account constraints such as limiting the
total area, the amount of water available, and rotation of crops. Then, we defined
three distinct scenarios for better analysis of the information, subdivided by getting
irrigation systems (flood, micro sprinkler and drip irrigation) and hydro systems (dry,
medium and rainy). The results showed that the drip irrigation system is more
efficient, thus obtains a larger area irrigated. However the proposed solutions are
purposeful, and that, if were implemented, will provide a higher return to the farmers
of the region, allied to sustainable practices.
