Compreensão de profissionais de enfermagem sobre a utilização da hipodermóclise na terapêutica de pacientes acometidos pelo câncer avançado.

Abstract

Currently the increase in life expectancy in several countries is observed, as a consequence of this factor is the increase in the incidence of cancer and other chronic diseases (CD) in the population. As a therapeutic model for CD, we find palliative care, providing an improvement in the quality of life for these people. In view of this, a discussion arises about alternative methods that diminish the physical, mental and spiritual suffering resulting from the disease. Among these methods is hypodermoclisis, being understood as administration of drugs / fluids subcutaneously. The present study aims to investigate the understanding of nursing professionals about hypodermoclisis in patients affected by advanced cancer. This is a field research with a qualitative approach with thematic analysis guided by the BARDIN method, 2011. The sample type was non-probabilistic. Participated in the research 11 nursing professionals who work in a reference service in oncology in the city of Campina Grande-PB and the information obtained was obtained through the interview technique. For the data collection, an interview script was elaborated by the authors divided into two parts: Characterization of the participants and Subjective questions pertinent to the research objective. In their speech the professionals approached the medications used by the SC route, the benefits of this, as being the effectiveness in the control of pain; decreased risk of complications when compared to the intravenous route; safety in drug absorption and ease of puncture technique, where they pointed out that failure to implement this technique is the main determinant for complications related to SC pathway. They emphasized that the nursing care related to this path is directed to the professional's technical ability; knowledge about caster; insertion angulation; skin antisepsis before puncture and nursing orientations as a form of health education for patients who self-medicate using this pathway. It is necessary to invest in the training of professionals and the creation of protocols that address the hypodermoclisis in the therapy of patients with advanced cancer, aiming at an improvement in the quality of the assistance provided and to assure the safety in the care developed by the team. In addition to improving the discussion about this subject in the academic environment, as a way to guarantee knowledge of hypodermoclisis to future professionals, and thus, contribute to a greater application of this therapy in health services.