Desvelando o processo de cuidar na dimensão espiritual e sua interface com a saúde mental.

Abstract

There were several societies that had their understandings about the disorders that later came to be known as mental or psychic. In the earliest times, conduct with these individuals was cruel, and these problems were bestowed upon things inherent in man, such as lost souls, demons, and so the treatment was based on mystical and religious practices. In the course of time, with the Psychiatric Reform in Brazil there was a change in the social imagery of mental suffering, with this, we observed a new assistance that covered not only the physical dimension of being, but everything related to its existence, even in the spiritual realm . Thus, the need to rethink care practices emerges, aiming at interventions that focus on the subject as a whole, so attention to transculturality is to offer care that is closer to the biopsychosocial-spiritual. Therefore, to achieve these needs, it is necessary to restructure and / or strengthen the process of training health professionals. The present work aimed to analyze the studies on spirituality and religion and its interface with mental health care. It is an integrative, exploratory-reflective, qualitative approach. It was carried out from the Virtual Health Library (VHL) during the period from November 2016 to February 2017, with the following descriptors: "Nursing", "Spirituality", "Care", "Nursing Care" and "Health" Mental". To improve the sample, we used the Boolean operator AND. As inclusion criteria: complete publications, which were in Portuguese, English and Spanish, and which were performed in a national setting. After obtaining the final sampling, the data were categorized according to the appearance of the themes and analyzed through content analysis. In this research we obtained a sample of 07 articles, of which in analyzing we find three categories: the psychic suffering and its interface with the spiritual dimension: from the past reality to the lived reality; Theorizing the action of integrality: the emergence of spirituality in mental health and attention to health Biopsychosocial-spiritual: reflections of care practices and the training process of health workers. In this sense, and in the face of an extensive and subjective theme that requires a great deal of reflection, we conclude that further studies are needed to deepen the theme, as well as that health professionals should rid themselves of any and all "preconceived ties" in order to understand Humans are more than objects to "fit" into manuals / standards of care and diagnosis. In addition, it is necessary to rethink the formative process of the health workers with regard to aspects of care in its essence of integrality. Thus, it strengthens the expansion and recognition of religious / spiritual beliefs as beneficial forms in the health practices of man.