Vulnerabilidade e resiliência da pecuária leiteira frente aos impactos da cochonilha-do-carmim no Cariri Oriental Paraibano.

Abstract

Carmine cochineal became part of the socioecological system (SSE) of lieteira bovine livestock in the Cariri Oriental Paraíba region as the main difficulty in the production of forage in the herds of this activity, which is a source of employment and income for families in the region. . The objective of this study was to analyze the vulnerability and resilience of dairy cattle farming in the Cariri Oriental of Paraíba in the face of the impacts of the carmine cochineal attack on the forage palm. The data survey was carried out in 2018 using questionnaires for a sample of 204 agricultural establishments, divided equally between the municipalities of Barra de Santana, Boqueirão and Caturité. From the data obtained, the dairy farming of the investigated municipalities was characterized and compared and determined the indicators were standardized and constructed, and the vulnerability (IndV) and resilience (IndR) indices, respectively, and the classification was made in the Quadrants: Low or High Vulnerability and Resilience. In the social and economic dimensions Barra de Santana is more vulnerable and Boqueirão more resilient, in terms of infrastructure and technology, Caturité is more vulnerable and Barra de Santana more resilient, and in the environmental dimension Barra de Santana and Boqueirão are more vulnerable, however Barra de Santana is more resilient. In general, the municipalities have Low Vulnerability and Low Resilience in the investigated dimensions, showing little exposure and capacity to respond to the effects of carmine cochineal to livestock. The generation of jobs and income from the diversification of activities and entrepreneurship and the reduction of pressure on natural resources are fundamental to reduce vulnerability and increase the resilience of dairy farming in the municipalities investigated in the face of the carmine cochineal attack.