Análise de política pública de segurança alimentar, Programa Fome Zero, no contexto da seca no semiárido brasileiro

Abstract

Access to quality food is a basic social right for all citizens, however, this is a complex process that involves the commitment and effective performance of various government areas with indirect actions such as increased agricultural production, affordable pricing policy, efficient food system, food education, food quality, job and income generation. As well as direct actions, in the event of an emergency, especially in regions affected by severe climatic phenomena, such as drought in the Brazilian semiarid region. Among these actions we can mention direct access to food and direct income transfer. This thesis analyzes the evolution of a gradual process in search of instituting efficient public policies in the area of food security in Brazil. We sought to carry out a historical survey of these policies, analyzing the evolution or not in this area of government activity and its impacts on the life of the population . The focus of the study was on the Food and Nutrition Security Policy in Brazil from 2003, with the Federal Government's Zero Hunger Program, created under the management of the then president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. As a general objective we seek to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of public policy aimed at the area of food security in the Brazilian semiarid region. In the methodology, a historical survey of the actions aimed at the search for food security in Brazil was made and from there we traced and developed an adaptation of the procedural model of public analysis. In the results and discussion we evaluated the effectiveness of the Zero Hunger Program since its creation in 2003 to the present day, now as the Bolsa Família Program. Despite some obstacles encountered during the program. It was concluded that there was a great improvement in the socioeconomic condition of its beneficiaries, who represented a large part of the Brazilian population, which caused a social strain on the country in some areas that were previously extremely demanded, such as the public health sector. And that the program was the most robust developed to date in the country, acting effectively in the problem of hunger, removing thousands of people from the extreme poverty line. In addition to the fact of disseminating a new way of governmental action that would be much more expensive for the country, the cost of not investing in effective and structural public policies in the area of food security.