BARBOSA, K. M. S.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0213452978769007; BARBOSA, Kamylla Mylena Souza.
Résumé:
COVID-19 consists of a disease caused by the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2 virus,
classified as a pandemic by the world health authorities at the beginning of 2020. The symptoms
caused by this pathology range from cough and runny nose, to loss of appetite and diarrhea,
even severe acute respiratory syndrome. The virus has a high rate of transmission, and is faced
worldwide without specific treatment that leads to cure and without vaccine. In view of this,
health professionals resort to information reported by professional colleagues, clinical
experience and experimental studies. Thus, the objective of ths paper is to gather information
about nutritional therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19, in order to assist in making
nutritional decisions for their treatment. The present study consists of a systematic integrative
literature review, developed through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) protocol. The search and collection of data was carried out on seven
different database platforms from June to September 2020 and the analysis, discussion and
results of the collected data took place between September and November 2020. Initially, 819
archives were found, reduced to 28 after reading the title and abstract, exclusion by eligibility
criteria, inclusion and exclusion criteria, evaluation by methodologically recognized tools and
reading in full. The 28 articles were published in 2020 and are distributed in 15 different
countries, of which 71.4% address interventions for enteral and parenteral nutritional therapy,
53.6% address screening and nutritional assessment, 50% address oral nutritional supplements
and 46.4 % address the administration of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients. Thus, it is
observed that nutritional therapy is of fundamental importance for the recovery of patients, and
should be carried out in a planned manner and considering the role of the multidisciplinary team
present in the institutions. The present systematic literature review does not carry out an
exhaustive search for scientific evidence, since new information about COVID-19 is published
daily. Therefore, the importance of nutrition in the integral treatment of patients is recognized,
as well as the need to develop more studies on this topic.