Hipovitaminose D: uma revisão de literatura.

Abstract

The receptor of vitamin D was identified in many organs like the liver, pancreas, lungs, and heart, suggesting that hypovitaminosis D is related to many diseases extraosseous. The main goal was to observe the impact hypovitaminosis D can cause on the human body. This study is a review of integrated literature, which was developed based on the following questionnaire: What is the impact of hypovitaminosis D on the human body? The search for the documents occurred from March to September in 2020, through the search engine called Google Academic, the electronic databases Medline, Lilacs, Scielo and ScienceDirect, and surveys on the websites for advice and Brazilian societies, using as a method to search the descriptors, vitamin D, hypovitaminosis, supplementation, and pharmaceutical, as well as the relation of these descriptors and their respective translations in English and Spanish. The projects included were between 2015 and 2020, in the Portuguese language, English, or Spanish, which dealt with vitamin D and hypovitaminosis D. The projects considered as a monograph, thesis, and dissertation were excluded. A total of 115 projects were pre-selected, out of these, 75 were chosen to assemble this review. It’s suggested that hypovitaminosis D is related to many illnesses as diabetics, blood pressure and depression, however, there is not enough indications which can prove such relations and make them clear or confirm the pathophysiological mechanisms of these illnesses involving hypovitaminosis D. It was concluded that although the vitamin D is been associated to diseases not osseous, the impact of hypovitaminosis D on the human body is scientifically well described just as osteoporosis, osteomalacia, the secondary hyperparathyroidism and rickets. So, it is still not recommended the supplementation of vitamin D to diseases not osseous due to few studies that link vitamin D to these diseases. Thus, the pharmacist is a professional able to influence rational use on the supplementation of vitamin D.