Impactos de vizinhança proporcionados pelo desmonte de rocha com uso de explosivos: estudo de caso na "mineração Dantas Gurgel & CIA LTDA", Caicó- RN.

Abstract

The activity of rock blasting is one of the main links in the production chain from mining activity, with direct influence on the steps of loading, transporting, processing and especially in environmental control.The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts to surrounding population to mining area, provided by rock blasting using explosives, carried in urban quarry by Gurgel Dantas Mining & Cia Ltda - Caicó-RN, emphasizing the application of technologies to minimize impacts to the population and the environment.For the realization of this thesis was taken, as a reference, the Neighborhood Impact Study, whose main goal is to reduce the adverse effects provided by the development of economic activity, by providing certain minimizing damage to the quality of life of the population living in the vicinity the enterprise.Readings were performed, as well as data compiling to support the study, exploratory research, data collection and experiments qualitative / quantitative through seismographic testing, through fires started using the electronic fuse as a system of control over the entire process of blasting.This technique has demonstrated numerous benefits, namely reducing the level of vibration and noise, safer operation, optimum adaptation of the system timing output sequence of the holes and better results in blasting, resulting in preservation of the remaining slope, release excellent fragmented material, satisfactory fragmentation of the rock mass and conservation of quarry floor.In summary, the study found that the use of electronic fuse mitigates impacts to the neighborhood, and promotes improvements in security conditions surrounding the quarries, therefore, the activity of rock blasting that is performed through the use of explosive in urban areas may evolve considerably through the search of better plans of fire to supplant the technologies currently applied.As a result, best results will be noticeable concerning the social-environmental aspects, because that will optimize expectations regarding health and sustainability. Keywords: Rock blasting. Neighborhood impacts. Technology. Social-environmental problems.