Modelo de gestão do uso sustentável de tilápias, enquanto atividade Pesqueira - GeSTAP.

Abstract

While fishing activity, the use of tilapias is inserted in the context of managing the sustainable use of fisheries resources and is an administrative necessity that integrates the discursive field of governmental actions in Brazil, being under Decree No. 6.981/2009. The task of setting standards, criteria, standards and measures in order to determine the form of sustainable use of these resources fit, as this decree, the Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture and the Environment Ministry, in partnership. But, remember that the Brazilian Government is still gradually regulating the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Fishing Activity, in search of a business model that is able to reconcile the balance between the principle of sustainability of fish stocks and the best results economic and social. On the national scene, two management models have gained ground as references for the development and management of sustainable use of fisheries resources: the Fisheries Agreement, reference participatory regulated by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) and Management Plan that embodies the new practice of Shared Management defined by these ministries. Within this context of governance, this study aims to propose a management model of sustainable use of tilapia while fishing activity (GeSTAP), which takes into account the need for sustainable fisheries and reducing vulnerabilities present in families of fishermen professionals. The research presents itself two stages: a first one consists in creating GeSTAP (from a documentary study) and a second, which corresponds to the application of this management model for the Fishermen Colony Valley Sabugi, in Seridó Western Paraibano. The GeSTAP is applied in its 2nd stage (diagnosis), allowing the construction of a mapping from use of tilapias in the region and establish a familial vulnerability index (IVF) for the families of fishermen and fisherwomen. For the diagnosis were applied forms, besides the direct observation on the spot, including monitoring to fisheries. The IVF was calculated from the Indicator System Vulnerabilities Family Fishermen (SIVFAP), created for this research. While management model, the GESTAP was efficient and allowed the conclusion that the use of the unit diagnosed Tilapia is directly linked to socioeconomic and environmental issues in the region.