A evolução das rendas e atividades não agrícolas na Paraíba dos anos 90.

Abstract

The central problem of this work is to understand the evolution of occupations and the paraibanas household incomes in the nineties. The objective is to identify the importance of activities and the non-agricultural incomes, besides the transfers public/private for the improvement and/or maintenance of the families in rural áreas. For this, we analyzed the evolution of the agricultural household, the non-agricultural household and pluriactive household in the nineties, divided among employers, billown, salaried and unemployed. We also studied the behavior of the obtained revenues (post plan Real) and the proportion of each one in total. We still compared the revenues of agricultural household, pluriactive and non-agricultural, in agreement with the establishments stratum of area. The used methodology was a bibliographical research based on works produced inside the project RURBANO and analysis through the data generated by PNAD (Brazilian National Household Surveys) of IBGE, relative to the rural paraibano in the nineties. To example of what was demonstrated in national and regional situation, in Paraíba a growth of the ORNA (non-agricultural rural occupations) is also verified, like that increase in the number of pluriactive household and nonagricultural residents in rural áreas, besides a great disparity among the incomes obtained exclusively by the agricultural househould of those non-agricultural ones and pluriactive, mainly in the dryness years. The pluriactive household depend less on the public and private transfers, comparing with the agricultural. We verified that in the period post plan Real, the agricultural incomes present a movement of strong fali and the non-agricultural incomes possess an inverse movement, always growing every year. Finally, independem of the establishments stratum of area and the family situation (employer with until 2 employees permanent or bill-own), the incomes agricultural household type are smaller than pluriactive. In spite of the pluriactivity in a poor state like Paraíba to elapse in your largest part of household strategies that seek alternatives of income to survive and maintain the rural establishment, this doesn't mean that the state d^esn't possess conditions of rethinking the rural development, reorganizing the economics base of thousands small farmers that today survive of the subsistence agriculture, investing (for example) in agricultural activities that possess market niches and also in non-agricultural activities, as eco-tourism, leisure small farms and essential public services that exist in the urban áreas.