CORREIRA, K. G.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3813286493066311; CORREIA, Karina Guedes.
Abstract:
The Caatinga is currently undergoing in strong process of degradation, caused mainly by
deforestation and inappropriate use of natural resources, in which there is irretrievable loss
of plants and animals diversity, acceleration of erosion and declining soil fertility. This study
aimed to evaluate the evolution of CO2 from the soil and to quantify the organic matter,
organic carbon and light organic matter of the soil, knowing the diversity of macro-and
mesofauna in Caatinga at different stages of natural regeneration during the period July 2007
to June 2008, located on the Tamanduá Farm, Santa Terezinha County, Paraíba. It was
determined the evolution of CO2 from the soil, the quantification of organic carbon and
organic matter and the light organic matter soil by flotation in water. The content of soil
moisture and temperature are the factors that most influenced the microbial activity.
Regardless of the level of cover vegetation of the caatinga, the CO2 production is similar
across the four levels of regeneration studied, the highest levels of organic carbon and
organic matter occurs in the Climax area, the area covered by pasture grass traps larger
amount of organic matter of light fraction and, organic carbon and organic matter are the
parameters that best reflect the decline of carbon in different stages of regeneration of the
savanna, and can be used as indicators of soil quality. For the evaluation of edaphic
macrofauna were used PROVID trap type and modified for the extraction of mesofauna we
used the method of Berlese - modified Tullgren. The availability of water, vegetation and
temperature are crucial in the distribution of animal groups. In the composition of
macrofauna in different areas and periods studied, the main groups are Hymenoptera and
Diptera in the dry season and Diptera and Hymenoptera in the rainy season. The dominant
groups in mesofauna are Collembola and Acarina in the dry season and Acarina and
Collembola in the rainy season. The abundance of macro and mesofauna little change as a
function of successional stages evaluated. When evaluating the vulnerabilities and identify
the key socioeconomic and environmental impacts in the city. The results indicate that the
contents of the vulnerabilities social, economic, technological and dry, with values 28.1,
66.5, 69 and 70.2%, respectively, relate to the socioeconomic and environmental constraints
and lack of public policies geared to the needs of the population. Farmers have no technical
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assistance from government agencies, poverty is portrayed disturbing and retirement of the
peasants for many families is the main or only source of income. Insufficient water
infrastructure enhances the vulnerability to droughts and family farming dominates the city,
based on subsistence agriculture.