Análise do plano municipal de resíduos sólidos de Sousa - PB.

Abstract

Equating the generation of solid waste (WS) and the final destination environmentally adequate is a challenge of many Brazilian municipalities. The absence of correct WS management can adversely affect the environmental quality of a given region. Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to analyze the Municipal Plan of Integrated Management of Solid Waste (MPIMWS) of Sousa, located in the backlands of Paraíba. The analysis was done in two stages. The first analysis was based on the requirement of the minimum content established by article 19 of the National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP), following the model proposed by Oliveira and Galvão Junior (2016). In the second stage, from its content of the plan off Sousa, a control listing was carried out, in order to verify whether or not the elements of this plan are being met in practical terms. In these terms, the evaluation of the plan Sousa found that only 29% of the subsections of art. 19 of the NSWP, which may indicate the lack of pre-disposition of the municipality in promoting sustainable local development. This result may be beneficial to encourage Sousa society, in general, to work to improve its current WS management system, in a new context of sustainability, with paln as a planning tool for the implementation of PNWS. However, despite the scenario presented through the diagnosis, it is understood that the NSWP contributes to the management of WS of Sousa, given that, in view of the gaps identified in this plan, other relevant aspects were considered for the effectiveness of this policy in the municipality. It is concluded that the analysis of the plan Sousa, as a basis for the model used, was adequate, since it produced knowledge for the understanding of the management of WS de Sousa and possible elaboration of public policies to address the problems presented here, both in relation required by the NSWP as to its own effectiveness. Finally, it is evident some aspects that can dissociate the deleterious effects of the political and socioeconomic contingencies in the municipality of Sousa in relation to management of solid: the collection, sorting, classification and the commercialization of WS in a frequent and organized way, from the implantation of selective collection; the support of the municipal public administration, the private sector and civil society, mainly in the sense of recognizing that reusable and recyclable material is considered an economic good and of social value, which generates work and income and promotes citizenship; the encouragement of the productive chain of recycling; the strengthening of ASCAMARES and the performance of the collectors with improved working conditions and, finally, the expansion of the range of performance of this professional category through the implementation of the PNWS, in fact.