Estudo de impacto de vizinhança aplicado á mineração no entorno da zona urbana do minicípio de Pdra Lavrada - PB.

Abstract

The environmental impacts from mining are intrinsic steps comprising the mineral production process, especially when minerals developments are close to urban areas. Against this backdrop , the present study aimed to analyze the neighborhood impacts from mineral extraction performed near the urban area of PedraLavrada - PB , in order to highlight the significant positive and negative impacts arising from the inter- relationship between the mining activities and physical, biotic and anthropogenic means. For both, were performed: field studies; georeferencing and characterization of mining practices; application of semi-structured questionnaires; and rating of environmental impacts from the Leopold Matrix. As a result, we found that: each step of the local mineral extraction process provides both negative impacts (air pollution, landscape changes, noise generation and earthquakes, etc.), and positive (employment generation and income tax collection and taxes, etc.). Finally, it was concluded that it is eminent and indispensable propose measures and actions that can mitigate the negative impacts and optimizing positive, so that we can reconcile the socio-economic development with the conservation of environmental quality.