SOUZA, W. M.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9039652038717693; SOUZA, Werônica Meira de.
Résumé:
This study had the objective of determining and classifying the threshold values of rainfall as
well as for evaluating the social, economical and environmental impacts of the disasters
associated to the rains in the city of Recife-PE. The methodology followed six distinct steps:
classification of thresholds for determining the daily, monthly and annual rainfall intensity;
evaluation of the social, economical and environmental impacts of the disasters associated to
rainfall intensity; mapping of disasters risk and vulnerability in the Recife communities;
elaboration and application of 300 questionnaire to evaluate the population vulnerability; use of
the RCLIMDEX (version 1.9.0) to calculate possible climatic trends; and elaboration of a rainfall
Alert System for the city of Recife-PE. In the daily rainfall analyses it was observed that when
there are occurrences of precipitation in the categories of very strong and strong rains, also
occurs slips and few flooding points. The moderate intensity rains also may cause slips mainly
points of flooding. There was not occurrence of damage associated to weak rains, however, when
accumulated rainfall greater than 30 mm occurs in consecutive days before an event of weak rain
may occur slipping. The occurrence of consecutive days with rains before an event of very
strong, strong and moderate rain contributes to the occurrence of disasters. Despite the extreme
events of intense rains been observed mainly between the months of March and July these events
may occur in the other months of the year. It was a frequent occurrence of slipping and flooding
due to rains associated to the lack of infrastructure like the population social and economical
conditions. The partnership and commitment of society, civil defense and other public agencies
makes the tripod witch when acting together make stronger and dynamic the actions really
effective for mitigating or solving the problems due to disasters. Most of the Recife`s
neighborhoods show very strong and strong risks to disasters, mainly in the South and West
regions with the higher index of risks. The population socioeconomic vulnerability with lies in
the poorer areas was considerate high while the environmental vulnerability was very high.
Local changes in rainfall and air temperature were diagnosed for the 47 years analyzed with an
increase of occurrence of extreme events from the 80`s, with daily rainfall greater than 100 mm
in few days. It was also observed an increase in maximum and minimum air temperatures
resulting in an increase in the heat waves in the region. The disasters due to rains and possible
climatic trends require the deployment of an alert system which is relevant to reduce or even
control the population vulnerability and the risks to disasters.