Avaliação do programa governamental de segurança no trânsito Operação Rodovida.

Abstract

Traffic accidents have become one of the leading causes of death worldwide, being seen as a public health issue, a real epidemic, leading the United Nations to elect the period from 2011 to 2020 as the Decade of Action by the United Nations. Traffic Safety. In this context, Brazil occupies the third place in the ranking of deaths in traffic, in absolute numbers. Traffic deaths carry with them a series of economic, social, psychological and environmental consequences. The Polícia Rodoviária Federal (PRF) has adopted a series of actions that contribute to the reduction of these numbers, among them is the Operação Rodovida program, which has become an important instrument of the Federal Government in the search for a decrease in traffic violence. The overall objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of this program, from the perspective of the results regarding the decrease in the quantity and severity of traffic accidents on federal highways. Specific objectives are: to provide an overview of the situation of traffic violence in Brazil and in the world; to describe the profile of traffic accidents on Brazilian federal highways; to analyze historically the evolution of traffic accidents on Brazilian federal highways; evaluate the Operação Rodovida policy regarding its effectiveness. For the development of the research and achievement of these objectives, a review was made in the literature on the evaluation of public policies. An overview of the transport sector and its importance for the economic and social development of Brazil was also constructed. Finally, the data of the time series of accidents occurred in the federal highways, worked in a quantitative method of analysis, using the descriptive statistics were used. These data are freely provided by the PRF on its website and published in the open data system. It is concluded that the indicators of accidentality have been reduced, although this is more noticeable in the federal highways than in the other routes. The main causes of accidents are related to the human aspect where Operação Rodovida concentrates its efforts, including the increase in inspection and the development of other educational actions, located in the critical sections of accidents. In the scope of Operation Rodovida, the indicators regarding the number and severity of accidents have been reduced, proving the effectiveness of the program. The research suffered limitations due to the underreporting of accidents and the lack of integration between the Ministério da Saúde database and the PRF. Despite the limitations it can be concluded that the objectives were achieved. The main results obtained show a reduction in the number and severity of traffic accidents, and in federal highways it is higher than in other roads. This reduction is more evident when analyzed under indicators depending on the population and the vehicle fleet.