Violência contra jovens baianos no período de 2005 a 2015 e a política pública de controle de homicídios "pacto pela vida" no Estado da Bahia.

Abstract

This research aimed to map the profile of the youth objectives by an intentional aggression in the state of Bahia, which occurred in the period from 2005 to 2015, verifying the public policies to contain violence against young people implemented in the state. Deaths from assault have been used as a proxy for homicides, robberies and corporal injuries, as a form of death of the victim, defined by SENASP as C.V.L.I. (intentional lethal violent crime). For the development of the research and the achievement of the objectives, this study presented a documentary research, since it resorted to diversified sources as secondary data, collected through an official database. It was also characterized as a bibliographical research, since important theoretical references were used published in documents about the central theme: violence against young people and public policies. A descriptive statistic was used to analyze the profile of the youngsters who appeared in the State of Bahia in 2005 and 2015, being predominant the violation of children and adolescents, male sex, age between 20 and 24 years, with low level of schooling and singles. Local data were found in the crimes were public road and hospital. Historical data on juvenile crime in Bahia showed that there was an increase in the number of deaths due to aggression until 2010. As of 2011, however, it was verified that there was a relative control in the ancestry of the homicides registered in previous years. This performance was even more significant in the 20 municipalities considered priority for the Pact for Life in the state. In assessing the impact of the State Violence Containment Policy on the frequency of homicides against young people, it was evidenced that after the implementation of the public policy Pact for Life, especially after 2011, there was a certain statistical stabilization of the number of deaths violence, especially in priority municipalities. Regarding the causes of youth homicide, based on the Economic Theory of Rational Choice, income, poverty and inequality indicators were analyzed in association with the youth homicide rate (per 100,000) in the state of Bahia, and the occurrence of negative correlation in relation to the inequality measured by the Gini index, which means inverse relation between less inequality and more violence. It was found that the Covenant for Life favored the cooperation of the coercive institutions of the Criminal Justice System, which includes the Executive (police and penitentiary system), the Judiciary and the Public Prosecutor (the complainant), which was fundamental to combat impunity, which boosts violent crime, especially homicides.