Relações entre as formas de governança de arranjos produtivos com a competitividade e o desenvolvimento local sustentável.

Abstract

The Local Productive Arrangements (APLs) have assumed a leading role within the standard interfirm cooperation, suggesting the governance importance on improving levels of competitiveness and sustainability. Accordingly, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between governance forms found in clusters of sites and sustainable levels of geographical spaces and competitiveness of industries and segments. The focus of the study takes place in the garment sector companies that are located in clusters in the cities of Campina Grande and Joao Pessoa. As theoretical literature support on Local Clusters, Competitiveness, Governance and Sustainable Development in order to identify concepts, models and principles into their constituent factors. To achieve the proposed objective the study was divided into five stages: 1) identification of APLs in accordance with the methodology proposed by Suzigan (2006), 2) measure the levels of sustainability of the cities studied using the methodology proposed by Martins and Cândido (2008); 3) identifying the level of competitiveness of textile companies of APLS studied using a questionnaire adapted from the model proposed by Ferraz, Kupfer and Haguenauer (1997), 4) application of the research instrument based on the model of Jones, Hesterly and Borgatti ( 1997) with the same companies studied previously, and the actors and institutions present in the designs studied, and finally, the presentation of possible relationships between the three constructs analyzed. According to Suzigan's methodology (2006), were defined 04 (four) clusters of garment production in Paraiba - Campina Grande, Catolé do Rocha, João Pessoa and Guarabira, however, for the present study was done a clipping from the importance of arrangements within the context studied, reducing the study to APLs of Campina Grande and João Pessoa. Regarding the level of local sustainability it was acceptable for both municipalities. The level of competitiveness of Campina Grande APL was considered unfavorable to business, structural and systemic factors. As for João Pessoa APL the level of competition was presented as a favorable for the systemic factor and unfavorable to others. Regarding the analysis of governance structures in clusters studied, we found from the parameters set for all variables that showed unfavorable results. Thus, in this study premised on the fact that the governance structures adopted may influence the levels of competitiveness in specific segments and geographic areas of sustainability is presented as consistent. To the extent that both improve the competitiveness of enterprises as the proposal for achieving a sustainable local development requires the involvement and participation of social actors. And both also require a formal and informal institutional apparatus, legitimized and recognized that favors the bonds of cooperation between different actors.