Desenvolvimento e testes de atenuação de vibrações em mancal de sistema rotativo aplicando atuadores do tipo lâminas de liga com memória de forma no regime superelástico.

Abstract

The rotor system is a body suspended by bearings, which allows its rotation around the axis itself. This system is found in a wide variety of industrial and domestic equipment, and is subject to problems such as imbalances. These problems result in mechanical vibrations, and if their amplitudes are high, there is a consequent reduction in the useful life of the machines. Among the forms of control and suppression of these cause-and-effect relationships, there is the use of smart materials to act in the system. Based on this practice, this work incorporates superelastic (SE) shape memory alloy (SMA) blades in a rotating system of the Jeffcott model, using a concept not manufactured in the reference work. The Jeffcott model consists of a shaft-rotor system with two bearings, mass concentrated in the center of the shaft and driven by an electric motor. While the LMF’s SE are applied to one of the bearings, in order to use their good damping capacity. The tests carried out were: traction tests to verify the limits of the LMF material, simulations of the blades in CAE technology, modal analysis to check the damping factor and incorporation of the blades on a rotating system. It was found that the damping and stiffness of the material are compatible with reference works, however the blade stresses were very high. Thus, they fractured at work before reaching the conditions that would be necessary to activate the superelastic effect, so that further studies are needed to improve the mechanical resistance of the material with the applied geometry of this work.