Potencialidade dos extratos tânicos das espécies angico vermelho, jurema preta e jurema vermelha no curtimento de peles caprinas.

Abstract

In recent decades with population growth and technological advances that have occurred a significant increase pressure on the native flora in many regions in different parts of the world including semi-arid region of Brazil (Caatinga) in varied ways, there is the production of firewood and charcoal, and use the bark of angico-vermelho (Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Gris.) Alts.) as vegetable tanning agent for leather production. The logging has occurred without regard to any of the provisions for the sustainable management regime causing concern about the indiscriminate use of forests that increase as a consequence result in the appearance of degraded areas. Despite the importance of the Caatinga vegetation as a source of energy and the production of tannins (bark) is a great lack of information mainly on technological issues. Recognizing the importance of the Caatinga ecosystem in the northeastern region of Brazil the need for more knowledge about its flora as well as the scarcity of research in this area developing this thesis aimed to contribute to the provision of information about the potential for production of tannin extracts (tannins) from the Caatinga forest species and evaluate the technical feasibility of the use of extracts for use in the process of tanning hides of goats for the production of leather. It was intended thus contribute to reducing human pressure on forest species angicovermelho (Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil) which occurs more steeply in the Cariri region through the development of technological research for the use of tannin extracts (tannins) from the species jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora) and jurema-vermelha (Mimosa arenosa) in the process of tanning goat production. The intention was also to examine the technical feasibility of the use of tannin extracts of species by means of physical and mechanical properties of leather produced. The tannin extracts of the jurema-preta and jurema-vermelha species produced leather look good and light coloring with good softness and flexibility and showed physical and mechanical properties superior to those produced with the extract of the angico-vermelho. The tannic extract of the Jurema’s species was superior to the extracts of other species. The tannic extract of the jurema-vermelha was superior to that of angico-vermelho and equaled only in the elongation in the parallel direction. With respect to characteristics related to flower again the tannic extract the jurema’s species shown to be superior to others much as in strain to the tensile strength of the flower. The extract the juremavermelha was superior to the angico-vermelho only to distend the flower while for the tensile strength of the flower they are equal with a slight numerical superiority for a jurema-vermelha. The survey results support the conclusion that it is technically possible to promote a significant reduction of anthropogenic pressure on forest species angico-vermelho (Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil), by substituting the use of angico-vermelho bark for the tannin extracts obtained by species jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora) and jurema-vermelha (Mimosa arenosa) in the process of tanning goat skins for leather production.