Fake news: uma análise do processo eleitoral de 2018 e as possíveis soluções encabeçadas pelo parlamento Brasileiro.

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the incidence of fake news in an electoral scenario, and the possible legislative solutions that are being elaborated to reduce the effects of the phenomenon. The theme gained evidence during the 2016 American elections, when fakes news came to be used to benefit Donald Trump. Initially, we made some notes on the interference of the new media in the electoral process, the need for access to truthful information and the holding of fair elections as essential mechanisms for the consolidation of democracy. We continue to discuss the influence of the spread of false news in the electoral period, and how it can directly affect voters' decision-making. For that, we opted for a national cut, analyzing the specificities of fake news in Brazil, during the 2018 elections. Finally, we analyzed the current legislation and the legislative proposals that are configured as an initiative in the process of struggle to solve the problem. In methodological terms, the deductive approach method was used, which starts from a general line to reach a conclusion. The work is a bibliographic research, where we start from the knowledge already accumulated on the theme, expressed in books and periods. Therefore, the study has an exploratory and qualitative character, aiming to achieve and provide important information on the subject. Throughout the study, we realized that the current Brazilian legislation still does not have the necessary means to face fake news, and that the legislative proposals headed by the Brazilian parliament work, mostly, in a repressive way. From this perspective, we conclude that such proposals do not guarantee the solution of the harmful effects of wrong information, but some of them are indispensable, such as digital literacy as a public policy, which can help the citizen to discern what is true or false. It should also be noted that in project nº 2,360 / 20, approved by the Federal Senate, there is a need for greater debate, both on the part of society and specialists, so that legislation that is made in haste and that subsequently causes censorship.